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''Nepenthes beccariana'' is a tropical pitcher plant. The species was described in 1908 by John Muirhead Macfarlane based on a specimen collected from the island of Nias, which lies off the western coast of Sumatra. It appears to be closely related to both ''N. longifolia'' and ''N. sumatrana'', and the former is possibly a heterotypic synonym of this taxon.〔Clarke, C.M. 2001. ''Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.〕 ==Botanical history== The type specimen of ''N. beccariana'' was collected by Italian explorer Elio Modigliani during an 1886 expedition to Nias,〔van Steenis-Kruseman, M.J., ''et al.'' 2006. (Cyclopaedia of Malesian Collectors: Elio Modigliani ). Nationaal Herbarium Nederland.〕 an island located approximately 120 km from the port town of Sibolga in Sumatra. It is designated as ''E.Modigliani s.n.'' and is specimen FI-HB 7485 at the Herbarium Beccarianum in Florence, Italy.〔Schlauer, J. 2006. (''Nepenthes beccariana'' ). Carnivorous Plant Database.〕 The type specimen consists of fragments of three leaves and three pitchers (two rosette pitchers and one upper pitcher) and is in a damaged state, with the leaves separated from the stem in such a way that their form of attachment is unknown.〔 ''Nepenthes beccariana'' was formally described by John Muirhead Macfarlane in his 1908 monograph, "Nepenthaceae".〔 It is named in honour of Italian naturalist Odoardo Beccari. Macfarlane's description includes a line drawing of ''N. beccariana'', showing a leaf blade, a lower pitcher, and an upper pitcher. It has been suggested that the upper pitcher in this illustration actually represents a composite, with features of both lower and upper pitchers.〔 Twenty years later, B. H. Danser synonymised the taxon with ''N. mirabilis'' in his seminal monograph, "The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies". With regards to the taxonomic status of ''N. beccariana'', Danser wrote:〔Danser, B.H. 1928. The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies. ''Bulletin du Jardin Botanique de Buitenzorg'', Série III, 9(3–4): 249–438.〕 ''N. tubulosa'' and ''N. Beccariana'' of Macfarlane show important differences with the common ''N. mirabilis''; yet I think them to be extreme variations of the latter. () ''N. Beccariana'' differs from ''N. mirabilis'' only by the other shape of the pitchers. I have not seen type material, which is collected in P. Nias, but in the Buitenzorg Herbarium there are wholly congruent plants from the neighbouring P. Sibéroet, which undoubtedly are plants of ''N. mirabilis'', showing the peculiar character, that the upper pitchers have the shape and the wings of the lower pitchers of the common form. () ''N. tubulosa'', ''N. Beccariana'' and ''N. Rowanae'' nearly show the extremes of the variation in the pitcher shape of ''N. mirabilis''. However, Danser never saw the type specimen of ''N. beccariana''; his inclusion of the taxon within ''N. mirabilis'' was based solely on herbarium material.〔 In their 1997 monograph, "A skeletal revision of ''Nepenthes'' (Nepenthaceae)", Matthew Jebb and Martin Cheek included ''N. beccariana'' as a synonym of ''N. mirabilis'', having not examined the type specimen either.〔Jebb, M.H.P. & M.R. Cheek 1997. A skeletal revision of ''Nepenthes'' (Nepenthaceae). ''Blumea'' 42(1): 1–106.〕 The authors retained this synonymy in their 2001 monograph, "Nepenthaceae".〔Cheek, M.R. & M.H.P. Jebb 2001. Nepenthaceae. ''Flora Malesiana'' 15: 1–157.〕 In 2000, Jan Schlauer and C. Nepi examined the type specimen of ''N. beccariana'' and noted significant differences between it and ''N. mirabilis'', suggesting that it should be restored as a distinct species.〔Schlauer, J. & C. Nepi 2000. Notes on ''Nepenthes'' (Nepenthaceae). II. Lectotypification of names based on material represented in the Herbarium Beccarianum. ''Webbia'' 55: 1–5.〕 In ''Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia'', Charles Clarke agreed that ''N. beccariana'' appears to be distinct from both ''N. mirabilis'' and ''N. sumatrana'', but noted that if ''N. beccariana'' is found to be conspecific with ''N. longifolia'', the latter taxon would become a heterotypic synonym of the former.〔〔Clarke, C.M. 2006. Introduction. In: Danser, B.H. ''The Nepenthaceae of the Netherlands Indies''. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu. pp. 1–15.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nepenthes beccariana」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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